Evidence framework · v.01

Separate the signal from the story.

We track the exact compound, product, route, population, endpoint, study design, and regulatory status. “Promising” is a starting point—not a conclusion.

01

Status first

Approved, lawfully compounded, investigational, and research-use-only are not interchangeable labels.

02

Study design next

Laboratory findings, animal studies, observational data, and randomized human trials answer different questions.

03

Uncertainty visible

Small samples, surrogate endpoints, missing comparators, and conflicts belong beside the headline—not in fine print.

Evidence library · first records

A careful place to begin.

Last reviewed July 24, 2026. Verify time-sensitive status at the source.

FDA-approved peptide medicine

Semaglutide

Status
Approved for specific indications
Evidence stage
Regulatory review completed

Approval applies to specific products, formulations, doses, and indications—not every product sold under a similar name.

Primary source: Drugs@FDA

FDA-approved peptide medicine

Tirzepatide

Status
Approved for specific indications
Evidence stage
Regulatory review completed

Compounded or research-use-only versions should not be treated as equivalent to an FDA-approved product.

Primary source: Drugs@FDA

Unapproved compound

BPC-157

Status
Not FDA-approved
Evidence stage
Limited human safety information

FDA identifies potential immunogenicity and impurity-characterization concerns and says it lacks sufficient safety information for proposed routes.

Primary source: FDA compounding safety risks

What a COA can—and cannot—tell you

A document is only as useful as its chain of evidence.

A certificate of analysis may report the identity, purity, mass, or other characteristics of a tested sample. It does not, by itself, establish FDA approval, clinical efficacy, appropriate dosing, sterility, safe human use, or that every vial sold matches the tested sample.

Useful review questions include: Who commissioned the test? Is the laboratory identified and independently accredited for the method? Do the product lot and sample identifiers match? What methods and detection limits were used? Is there identity testing as well as a purity percentage? Was sterility or endotoxin testing performed when relevant to the stated laboratory application?